Rio Calaveras

Armand Groffman and Laura Crossey

	The field site of the Rio Calaveras project is located 3 miles northwest of the Valles Caldera, in the volcanic Jemez Mountains. Rio Calaveras Creek is flowing down a small montane valley (photo below) which is bounded by volcanic basement rock on both sides. All wells sampled for the project are shown, as well as two natural springs located toward the northern and southern limits of the study area.
	The multilevel sampling wells (MLS wells in the map above) contain a tube with sampling cells along its length (photo to right shows the tube which goes down into the well). Rubber gaskets vertically isolate groups of cells along the tube's length, so that the groundwater can be sampled vertically. Chemical analyses of groundwater collected from all of the cells collectively show vertical trends in groundwater composition.

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Created: 10/7/98 Updated: 07/21/1999